LIGHT International Journal upholds the highest standards of academic integrity and publication ethics. All submitted manuscripts are subject to a thorough plagiarism screening process before entering the peer-review stage.

1. Plagiarism Detection Tools
   All manuscripts are screened using Turnitin, Zerogpt, GPTZero, iThenticate, or other reliable plagiarism detection software. The similarity index is evaluated by the editorial team before the paper is forwarded for peer review.

2. Acceptable Similarity Threshold
   A manuscript is expected to have a similarity index of less than 20%, excluding references and commonly used phrases. Any manuscript exceeding this threshold will be returned to the author(s) for revision or outright rejection depending on the extent of the overlap.

3. Types of Plagiarism Considered Unacceptable
   a. Direct plagiarism: Copying another work verbatim without attribution
   b. Self-plagiarism: Republishing the author’s own previous work without citation or proper justification
   c. Mosaic plagiarism: Borrowing phrases from a source without using quotation marks or paraphrasing without attribution
   d. Inaccurate citation: Misleading or incorrect attribution of sources

4. Editorial Action
   If plagiarism is detected:
   a. Before review: The manuscript will be rejected or returned for correction.
   b. During or after review: The review process will be paused, and the author(s) will be contacted for clarification.
   c. After publication: The article may be retracted, and a notice of plagiarism will be issued on the journal’s website and databases.

5. Author Responsibility
   Authors are fully responsible for the content of their manuscripts and are expected to ensure originality and proper citation of all sources. By submitting to LIGHT International Journal, authors declare that their work is free from plagiarism and ethically prepared.